By the current 21st century, the end of unstinted use of the Earth’s energy sources has come in sight. This will change the geopolitical evolution of the world community. Shortage of energy for the transport and industrial complexes will have most serious consequences which may be considerable enough to stop vital activity of the civilization. Social stability and industrial growth depend on availability of sufficient energy. In his article its author, Anatoly Ivanovich Utkin – he passed away not long ago – discusses probable scenarios of political development in the world in the light of the decrease of resources – of oil, gas, zinc, fresh water etc.