.jpg)
printRussians’ Perceptions of the Relationship between the Individual and State Interests:
an Empirical Analysis of Dynamics
Tikhonova N.E.,
Institute of Sociology of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, netichon@rambler.ru
elibrary_id: 71905 |
DOI: 10.17976/jpps/2021.06.11
Rubric: Russia Today
For citation:
Tikhonova N.E. Russians’ Perceptions of the Relationship between the Individual and State Interests: an Empirical Analysis of Dynamics. – Polis. Political Studies. 2021. No. 6. P. 155-170. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17976/jpps/2021.06.11
The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 20-18-00505).
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a rapid increase in the number of supporters of the priority of human rights due to the reduction in the number of supporters of the priority of the state interests in Russia. The conflict between the views of these groups is, however, not a value conflict, but the result of a different vision of the ways to achieve the desired future of Russia according to their representatives. The difference in the views of these groups on the relationship between the interests of the state and individual rights is primarily related to their socio-psychological characteristics (non-conformism, frustration due to the inability to achieve basic life goals etc.), and not with their objective position or ideological views, although the corresponding features are also seen among them. The group of supporters of the priority of the state interests has two cores (one is spontaneously patriarchal, the second has a conscious conservative ideology). As for the supporters of the human rights priority, the heterogeneity of this group is very high and continues to increase, since its expansion occurs primarily due to the residents of small and medium-sized cities, as well as older Russians. Currently, there is not a single age cohort where the number of supporters of the state interests’ priority is higher than those of the human rights. Supporters of the priority of human rights are worried not so much about the values of democracy as about such socio-economic problems as deep inequalities, a cumbersome bureaucracy, uncertainty about the future etc. The composition, specificity of the views and electoral preferences of supporters of the human rights priority indicate that they cannot act as a social basis for either systemic or non-systemic opposition, although they are characterized by an increased readiness for street protests. Representatives of the groups that form the social basis for the Russian middle class are more likely to be found among the supporters of the state interests’ priority.
Keywords
human rights, political modernization, norms, values, value systems, electoral base of parties, public consciousness.
References
Akhiezer A.S. 1998. Rossiya: kritika istoricheskogo opyta (sotsiokul’turnaya dinamika Rossii) [Russia: Criticism of Historical Experience (Socio-Cultural Dynamics of Russia)]. Novosibirsk: Sibirskii khronograf. (In Russ.)
Atlas modernizatsii Rossii i ee regionov: sotsioekonomicheskie i sotsiokul’turnye tendentsii i problem [Atlas of Modernization of Russia and Its Regions: Socioeconomic and Sociocultural Trends and Problems]. 2016. Ed. by N.I. Lapin. Moscow: Ves’ Mir. 360 p. (In Russ.)
Bell D. 1999. The Coming of Post-Industrial Society: A Venture in Social Forecasting. (Russ. ed.: Bell D. Gryadushchee postindustrial’noe obshchestvo. Moscow: Akademy. 783 p.)
Danilevskii N.Ya. 2011. Rossiya i Evropa [Russia and Europe]. Ed. by O. Platonov. Moscow: Institut russkoi tsivilizatsii, Blagoslovenie. 816 p. (In Russ.)
Gotovo li rossiiskoe obshchestvo k modernizatsii? [Is Russian Society Ready for Modernization?]. 2010. Ed. by M.K. Gorshkov, R. Krumm. Moscow: Ves’ Mir. 344 p. (In Russ.)
Huntington S.P. 2003. The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order. (Russ. ed.: Huntington S.P. Stolknovenie tsivilizatsii. Moscow: AST. 603 p.)
Inglehart R., Welzel Ch. 2011. Modernization, Cultural Change, and Democracy. The Human Development Sequence. (Russ. ed.: Inglehart R., Welzel Ch. Modernizatsiya, kul’turnye izmeneniya i demokratiya: Posledovatel’nost’ chelovecheskogo razvitiya. Moscow: Novoe izdatel’stvo. 464 p.)
Kirdina S.G. 2000. Institutsional’nye matritsy i razvitie Rossii [Institutional Matrices and Development of Russia]. Moscow: TEIS. 213 p. (In Russ.)
Lapin N.I. 2014. Issues of Concept and Human Dimensions Making of the Gradual Modernization Strategy for Russia and Its Regions. – Sociological Studies. No. 7. P. 8-19. (In Russ.)
Latova N.V. 2016. Russians’ Cultural Specificity (An Ethnometrical Analysis Based on Geert Hofstede’s Concept). – Vestnik instituta sotziologii. Vol. 7. No. 4. P. 155-179. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.19181/vis.2016.19.4.433
Marx K., Engels F. 1955. Die Deutsche Ideologie. (Russ. ed.: Marx K., Engels F. Nemetskaya ideologiya. Vol. 3. Moscow: Izdatel‘stvo politicheskoi literatury. 629 p.)
Model’ dokhodnoi stratifikatsii rossiiskogo obshchestva: dinamika, faktory, mezhstranovye sravneniya [Model of Income Stratification of Russian Society: Dynamics, Factors, Cross-Country Comparisons]. 2018. Moscow, Saint Petersburg: Nestor-Istoriya. 368 p. (In Russ.)
O chem mechtayut rossiyane: ideal i real’nost’. Pod red. M. Gorshkova, R. Krumma [What Russians Dream of: Ideal and Reality]. Ed. by M. Gorshkov, R. Krumm. 2013. Moscow: Ves’ Mir. 400 p. (In Russ.)
Rossiiskoe obshchestvo i vyzovy vremeni [Russian Society and the Challenges of the Time]. 2015-2017. Ed. by V.V. Petukhov, M.K. Gorshkov. Moscow: Ves’ Mir.
Spengler O. 2013. The Decline of the West. (Russ. ed.: Spengler O. Zakat Zapadnogo mira. Moscow: Al’fa-kniga. 1085 p.)
Tikhonova N.Е. 2011. Features of the Normative-Value System of Russian Society Through the Prism of Modernization Theory. – Terra Economicus. Vol. 9. No. 2. P. 60-85. (In Russ.)
Tikhonova N.E. 2018. Balance of State Interests and Human Rights in Perception of Russians: Empirical Analysis. – Polis. Political Studies. No. 5. P. 134-149. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.17976/jpps/2018.05.11
Toynbee A.J. 2001. A Study of History. (Russ. ed.: Toynbee A.J. Postizhenie istorii. Moscow: Rol’f. 640 p.)
Content No. 6, 2021
See also:
Tikhonova N.E.,
Balance of State Interests and Human Rights in Perception of Russians: Empirical Analysis. – Polis. Political Studies. 2018. No5
Merloe P.,
Electoral Operations, Human Rights and Public Confidence in a Democratic System. – Polis. Political Studies. 1995. No4
Sungurov A.Yu.,
Human rights as subject of political science and as interdisciplinary conception. – Polis. Political Studies. 2010. No6
Glushkova S.I.,
Individual, group, collective and general rights under the conditions of multiculturalism. – Polis. Political Studies. 2010. No6
Smirnov V.V.,
The human rights political science and political rights in Russia. – Polis. Political Studies. 2010. No6
.jpg)
.jpg)