The author points to the main motive ideas of the Church participation in international relations and to the cardinal problems faced by Russian Orthodox Church. Under the conditions of the globalizing world, Russian Church will not be able to fulfill its principal tasks without being involved into discussions of the basic questions of modern times and into the processes of their solution, on the international level likewise. One more conclusion consists in that Russian Orthodoxy still remains the pivot of civilizational distinctness of Russia, which allows it to preserve their cultural and political integrity.