The main theme of this article is the new political cycle of the development of Russia declared by its president D.A. Medvedev and its prime minister V.V.Putin. What is the main thing about this new political cycle is the idea that modernization of all spheres of life of the Russian society should become the main content of the said cycle. The author undertakes conflictological analysis of the Russian political field, fixing those contradictions and cleavages, which were either already designated or had only just formed, creating a threat to the project of modernization.