Political management:
routinization of meanings and structural updates
Solovyov A.I.,
Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, solovyev@spa.msu.ru
elibrary_id: 75920 | ORCID: 0000-0001-7146-0299 | RESEARCHER_ID: AAV-6480-2020
Article received: 2026.05.25 13:22. Accepted: 2026.06.30 13:22

DOI: 10.17976/ jpps/2026.05.07
EDN: THILHD
Solovyov A.I. Political management: routinization of meanings and structural updates. – Polis. Political Studies. 2026. No. 5. https://doi.org/10.17976/ jpps/2026.05.07. EDN: THILHD (In Russ.)
The combination of the state's deliberate attempts to regulate and construct social relations with the accompanying and often alternative forms of social actors' activity raises questions about the effectiveness of the methods used by the authorities to achieve their goals and meet the interests of society. At the same time, the desire of many governments to solve this dilemma through the use of mandatory regulation is reflected in the emphasis on the projective (as opposed to the public) nature of public management, which devalues the role of open communication between the government and the population and rigidly links political management to directive models of public regulation (and in some cases, to the use of force). At the same time, such approaches revive technocratic ideas that strip political management of its social, axiological, and attributive meanings. By contradicting the network and informal practices of political governance (which create real boundaries between the state and society), these ideas obscure the fundamental parameters of political management that emerge in the latent sphere of politics and subsequently determine the implementation of key government policies (such as public budgeting, infrastructure projects, etc.). At the same time, there are currently no systematic attempts in the scientific literature (with the possible exception of the theory of support coalitions (Р. Sabatier)) to describe the structural characteristics of political management that emerge in the internal communications of the ruling class beyond the institutional design. In this context, the research objective is to use a neo-institutional methodology and theoretical constructs from behavioral, communicative, network, and game approaches to characterize the initial forms of political governance that emerge in competitive communications between individual and micro-group elite actors that are closed to the public. In this context, based on the identification of typical behavioral patterns and practices of elite actors in the latent sphere, the article proposes a model of “confidential political management” that contains analytical methods of congruent representation, that expand the structural foundations of political management and contribute to a more holistic interpretation of this concept.
References
Allison, G.T. (1971). Essence of decision: explaining the Cuban missile crisis. Boston: Little, Brown and Company.
Anderson, C., & Galinsky, A. (2006). Power, optimism, and risk-taking. European Journal of Social Psychology, 36(4), 511-536. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.324
Araral, E., Fritzen, S., Howlet, M., Ramesh, M., & Wu, X. (Eds.). (2012). Routledge handbook of public policy. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203097571
Barnett, P., Tenbensel, T., Cuming, J., Alyden, C., Ashton, T., Pledger, M., & Burnette, M. (2009). Implementing new modes of governance in the New Zealand health system: an empirical study. Health Policy, 93(2-3), 118-127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2009.06.004
Bickerton, Ch.J., & Accetti, C.I. (2021). Technopopulism: the new logic of democratic politics. Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198807766.001.0001
Bradley, R.N. (2024). Latent impulse in history and politics. London: Murray & Evenden.
Broadbent, J. (2024). Power and theory: toward a multidimensional explanation of the dynamic political field. Journal of Political Power, 17(3), 223-252. https://doi.org/10.1080/2158379X.2024.2408017
Buckman, G., & Diesendorf, М. (2010). Design limitations in Australian renewable electricity policies. Energy Policy, 38(7), 3365-3376. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2010.02.009
Caciagli, M., & Belloni, J. (1981). Characters and role of DC in the government of a city in Sicily. In S.N. Eisenstadt, R. Lemarchand (Eds.), Political Clientelism, Patronage, and Development (pp. 35-56). Beverly Hills: Sage Publications.
Carney, G., & Gray, M. (2015). Unmasking the “elderly mystique”: why it is time to make the personal political in ageing research. Journal of Aging Studies, 35, 123-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaging.2015.08.007
Chen, S., Lee-Chai, A.Y., & Bargh, J.A. (2001). Relationship orientation as a moderator of the effects of social power. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80(2), 173-187. https://psycnet.apa.org/ doi/10.1037/0022-3514.80.2.173
Cho, M., & Keltner, D. (2020). Power, approach, and repression: empirical advances in theory. Current Opinion in Psychology, 33, 196-200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2019.08.013
Claverie, В., & Du Cluzel, F. (2022). “Cognitive warfare”: the advent of the concept of “cognitics” in the field of warfare. In B. Claverie, B. Prdbot, N. Buchler, & F. du Cluzel (Eds.), Cognitive Warfare: The Future of Cognitive Dominance (paras. 2.1-2.8). NATO Collaboration Support Office.
Danaher, J. (2016). The threat of algocracy: reality, resistance and accommodation. Philosophy & Technology, 29, 245-268. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13347-015-0211-1
Easton, D. (1965). A systems analysis of political life. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Elster, J. (1986). Rational choice. Oxford: Blackwell.
Epstein, B. (2025). Social ontology. Elements in metaphysics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Giddens, A. (1984). The constitution of society. Cambridge: Polity.
Goldfinch, S.F. (2023). The challenge of public administration reform: Introduction to the Handbook of public administration reform. In S.F. Goldfinch (Ed.), Handbook of Public Administration Reform фр. 1-26). Cheltenham: Elgar.
Goldstone, J.A. (2016). Revolution and rebellion in the early modern world: population change and state breakdown in England, France, Turkey, and China,1600-1850. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315408620
Guzzini, S. (1993). Structural power: the limits of neorealist power analysis. International Organization, 47(3), 443-478. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020818300028022
Hagenaars, J.A., & McCutcheon, A.L. (Eds.). (2002). Applied latent class analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511499531
Haugaard, M. (2025). Coercion and legitimacy as sources of power and crisis in autocratic, authoritarian and liberal-democratic leadership: a four-dimensional power analysis. Journal of Political Power, 18(1), 125-146. https://doi.org/10.1080/2158379X.2024.2448693
Hooghe, L., & Marks, G. (2001). Multi-level governance and European integration. Lanham; Boulder; New York; Oxford: Rowman & Littlefield.
Howlett, M. (2023). Designing public policies: principles and instruments. London: Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003343431
Infantino, L. (2020). Infrasocial power. political dimensions of human action. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45081-6
Inglehart, R. (2018). Culture shift in advanced industrial society. Princeton: Princeton University Press. https://doi.org/10.1515/9780691186740
Isin, E.F. (Ed.). (2000). Democracy, citizenship and the global city. London: Routledge.
Jessop, B. (2011). The state: government and governance. In A. Pike, A. Rodriguez-Poz, & J. Tomany (Eds.), State: Government and Administration in a Guide to Local and Regional Development (pp. 239-248). London: Routledge.
John, P., & Cole, А. (2000). When do institutions, policy sectors, and cities matter? Comparing networks of local policy makers in Britain and France. Comparative Political Studies, 33(2), 248-268.
Keltner, D., Gruenfeld, D., & Anderson, C. (2003). Power, approach and inhibition. Psychological Review, 110(2), 265-284.
Khan, Sh.R. (2012). The sociology of elites. Annual Review of Sociology, 38, 361-377. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-soc-071811-145542
tcs, R. (2022). Power of the state: a theoretical approach. Historia i Polityka, 42(49), 69-80.
Macridis, R. (1955). The study of comparative government. New York: Doubleday.
Miller, P., & Rose, N. (2008). Governing the present. Administering economic, social and personal life. Cambridge: Polity.
Mintrom, M. (2007). The policy analysis movement. In L. Dobuzinskis, M. Howlett, & D. Laycock (Eds.), Policy Analysis in Canada: The State of the Art (pp. 7-84). Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
Morozov, E. (2013). To save everything, click here: the folly oftechnological solutionism. New York: Public Affairs.
Mounk, Y. (2018). The people vs. democracy: why our freedom is in danger and how to save it. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
ObregGn, C. (2022). Social power. University Editions.
Pasquale, F. (2015). The black box society: the secret algorithms that control money and information. Cambridge; London: Harvard University Press.
Rhodes, R.A.W. (1996). The new governance: governing without government. Political Studies, 44(4), 652-667.
Rosenau, J.N. (1967). Foreign policy as an issue area. In Rosenau, J.N. (Ed.), Domestic Sources of Foreign Policy (рр. 11-50). New York: Free Press.
Rouvroy, A., & Berns, T. (2013). Algorithmic governmentality and the end ofthe social. Reseaux, 177(1), 163-196.
Sabatier, P.A. (1988). An advocacy coalition framework of policy change and the role of policy-oriented learning therein. Policy Sciences, 21(2-3), 129-168. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00136406
Sabatier, P., & Jenkins-Smith, H. (Eds.). (1993). Policy change and learning: an advocacy coalition approach. Boulder: Westview Press.
Sabatier, P.A., & Jenkins-Smith, H.C. (1999). The advocacy coalition framework: an assessment. In P.A. Sabatier (Ed.), Theories of the Policy Process (pp. 117-166). London; New York: Routledge.
Sanderson, I. (2006). Complexity, “practical rationality and evidence-based policy making. Policy and Politics, 34(1), 115-132.
Satybaldieva, E. (2015). OBON (Women's Special Forces Unit). In A. Ledeneva, E. Teague, P. Matijevic, G. MoisC, P. Majd, & M. Toqmadi (Eds.), The Global Encyclopaedia of Informality. Vol 3. Ageing Power (pp. 520-523). London: UCL Press.
Scharpf, F.W. (1994). Games real actors could play: positive and negative coordination in embedded negotiations. Journal of Theoretical Politics, 6(1), 27-53. https://doi.org/10.1177/0951692894006001002
Schmid, H.B. (2023). We, together: the social ontology of us. New York: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197563724.001.0001
Scholten, P., & Penninx, R. (2016). The multilevel governance of migration and integration. In B.Garccs- Mascarenas, & R. Penninx (Eds.), Integration Processes and Policies in Europe (pp. 91-108). Cham: Springer.
Scott, J.C. (1972). Patron-client politics and political change in Southeast Asia. American Political Science Review, 66(1), 91-113. https://doi.org/10.2307/1959280
Urbinati, N. (2014). Democracy disfigured: opinion, truth, and the people. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Van Dijck, J., Poel, T., & de Waal, M. (2018). The platform society. Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190889760.001.0001
Auzan, A.A. (2025). Kul'turnyye kody ekonomiki. Kak tsennosti vliyayut na konkurentsiyu, demokratiyu i sostoyaniye naroda [Cultural codes of economics. How values influence competition, democracy, and the state of the people]. Moscow: AST. (In Russ.)
Bykov, I.A. (2013). Setevaya politicheskaya kommunikatsiya: teoriya, praktika i metody issledovaniya [Network political communication: theory, practice and research methods]. Moscow: St. Petersburg State University of Industrial Technologies and Design. (In Russ.)
Degtyarev, A.A. (2023) “At home among strangers”: GR-management as political governance in the arsenal of “non-political” agents. RUDN Journal of Political Science, 25(2), 348-367. (In Russ.) https://doi. org/10.22363/2313-1438-2023-25-2-348-367
Denisov, S.A. (2010). Obshchaya teoriya administrativnogo gosudarstva [General theory of the administrative state]. Ekaterinburg: Humanitarian University. (In Russ.)
Fedorchenko, S.N. (2021). Algorithmization of power: digital metamorphoses of political regimes and sovereignty. Journal of Political Research, 2, 3-18. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.12737/2587-6295-2021-5-2-3-18
Grachev, M.N. (2015). Politologicheskiy potentsial kibernetiki [Political science potential of cybernetics]. In XXI vek: gumanitarnyye i sotsial'no-ekonomicheskiye nauki [21st Century: Humanities and Socioeconomic Sciences]. Abstracts of Presentations at the 24th All-Russian Readings, by Students, Postgraduates, and Young Scientists with International Participation (pp. 5-11). Tula: Tula State University Publishing House. (In Russ.)
Grigorieva, N.S. (Ed.). (2025). Politika i upravleniye v sotsial'noy sfere. Vvedeniye v predmet [Social policy and management. Introduction]. Moscow: Argamak-Media. (In Russ.)
Jessop, B. (2019). The state: past, present, future. (Russ. ed.: Jessop, B. Gosudarstvo: proshloye, nastoyashcheye, budushcheye. Moscow: Delo Publishing House).
Kharichkin, I.K. (2012). On the concept of “political management”. Vestnik universiteta, 4, 99-103. (In Russ.)
Khayoz, N. (2011). Upravleniye, korruptsiya i lokal'nyye struktury politicheskogo vliyaniya v Shveytsarii [Governance, corruption, and local structures of political influence in Switzerland]. In O.V. Gaman-Golutvina (Ed.), Elity i obshchestvo v sravnitel'nom izmerenii [Elites and Society in a Comparative Dimension] (pp. 200-208). Moscow: ROSSPEN. (In Russ.)
Komarovsky, V.S., & Smorgunov, L.V. (Ed.). (2019). Politiko-administrativnoye upravleniye [Political and administrative management]. Moscow: Yurait. (In Russ.)
Kupryashin, G.L. (2026). Public administration and political management: interaction of spheres, factors, and actors. RUDN Journal of Political Science, 28(1), 40-58. (In Russ.)
Kurillo, V.E. (2013). Latentnaya politika. Politicheskaya latentologiya [Latent politics. Political laten- tology]. Moscow: Sputnik+. (In Russ.)
Kuzich, A.E. (2002). Politicheskoye upravleniye i razvitiye rossiyskogo federalizma [Political governance and development of Russian federalism]. In Rossiya. Politicheskiye vyzovy XXI veka [Russia. Political challenges of the 21st century] (pp. 76-81). Moscow: ROSSPEN. (In Russ.)
Lefebvre, V.A. (2003). Konfliktuyushchiye struktury [Conflicting structures]. In Lefebvre, V.A. Refleksiya [Reflection] (pp. 7-134). Moscow: Cogito-Center. (In Russ.)
Lepskiy, V.E. (2019). Metodologicheskiy i filosofskiy analiz razvitiya problematiki upravleniya [Methodological and philosophical analysis of the development of management issues]. Moscow: Cogito-Center. (In Russ.)
Machiavelli, N. (2026). Il Principe. (Russ. ed.: Machiavelli, N. Gosudar'. Moscow: EKSMO). (In Russ.)
Nedyak, I.L. (2011). Marketingovyy podkhod k issledovaniyu politicheskikh protsessov [Marketing approach to the study of political processes]. Diss. for the degree of Doctor of Political Sciences. Moscow: Institute of Sociology, Russian Academy of Sciences. (In Russ.)
Prigogine, I. (1991). Philosophy of instability. Voprosy filosofii, 6, 16-57. (In Russ.)
Rainey, H.J. (2004). Understanding and managing public organizations. (Russ. ed.: Rainey, H.J. Analiz i upravleniye v gosudarstvennykh organizatsiyakh. Moscow: Infra-M).
Razuvaev, V. (2020). Iskusstvo politicheskogo zagovora [The art of political conspiracy]. Moscow; St. Petersburg: Petroglyph; Center for Humanitarian Initiatives. (In Russ.)
Shabrov, O.F. (1997). Politicheskoye upravleniye: problema stabil'nosti i razvitiya [Political management: the problem of stability and development]. Moscow: Intellect. (In Russ.)
Sirotov, P.A. (2022). The use of microtargeting tools in the formation of socio-political processes. Social and Humanitarian Knowledge, 5, 156-158. (In Russ.)
Smorgunov, L.V. (2026) Transformation of public administration in the context of contingent social systems. RUDN Journal of Political Science, 28(1), 25-39. (In Russ.)
Solovyov, A.I. (2015). Government decisions: the conceptual space and dead ends of theorization. Polis. Political Studies, 3, 126-147. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.17976/jpps/2015.03.08
Solovyov, A.I. (2021). Politika i upravleniye gosudarstvom: ocherki teorii i metodologii [Politics and statecraft: essays on theory and methodology]. Moscow: Aspect Press. (In Russ.)
Solovyov, A.I., & Konkov, A.E. (2024). Latentnyye mekhanizmy formirovaniya gosudarstvennoy politiki [Latent mechanisms of public policy formation]. Moscow: Aspect Press. (In Russ.)
Timofeeva, L.N., & Klimova, G.S. (Ed.). (2024). Politologiya i politicheskoye upravleniye: traditsii i novatsii v nauke [Political science and political management: traditions and innovations in science]. Moscow: Prospect. (In Russ.)
Veduta, E.N., & Zhiryakov, V.A. (2021). The State Commission for Electrification of Russia as the first experience of strategic economic planning. Public Administration. Electronic Bulletin, 85, 277-295. (In Russ.)
Vilisov, M.V. (2024). Neformal'noye pravleniye [Informal rule]. In A.I. Solovyov (Ed.), Politologiya. Novyy Leksikon [Political Science. New Lexicon] (pp. 190-199). Moscow: Aspect Press. (In Russ.)
Zimina, V.D., & Borisov, N.A. (2008). Politicheskoye upravleniye [Political management]. Moscow: RSUH. (In Russ.)
See also:
Nedyak I.L.,
Political marketing. – Polis. Political Studies. 2010. No3
Tarasov Yu.S.,
The Ruling Elite of Yakutia: Strokes to a Portrait. – Polis. Political Studies. 1993. No2
Solovyov A.I.,
Agents and mechanisms of political domination, or how a “winning coalition” rules. – Polis. Political Studies. 2024. No2
Pshizova S.N.,
Is it possible to regulate democracy? Part I.. – Polis. Political Studies. 2013. No6
Smorgunov L.V.,
GR-management and public policy. – Polis. Political Studies. 2024. No6

.jpg)






print.jpg)
.jpg)