Социальные отношения и политические практики в посткоммунистической России
Урбан М. ,
Профессор
DOI: 10.17976/jpps/2002.04.05
Урбан М. Социальные отношения и политические практики в посткоммунистической России. – Полис. Политические исследования. 2002. № 4. С. 66-85. https://doi.org/10.17976/jpps/2002.04.05
Констатировав, что чрезмерное внимание к формальным демократическим институтам чревато недооценкой реальных процессов, происходящих в посткоммунистическом мире, автор попытался использовать для изучения постсоветской России модели, разработанные на закате коммунизма учеными, исследовавшими клиентелизм и патронажные сетевые структуры. Подробно проанализировав особенности российского государства, действующие в стране сетевые структуры власти, масштабы так наз. “серой зоны” и совокупность способов организации коллективных действий рядовыми гражданами, он пришел к выводу, что в современной России баланс между институционализированными и персонализированными формами коллективного действия смещены в пользу последних. По заключению автора, в России достигнут определенный уровень стабильности, базирующийся на специфической форме равновесия между государством и обществом: государство как арена взаимодействия сетевых структур власти не в состоянии проводить в жизнь общественные проекты, а общество, фрагментированное на бесчисленное количество сетевых структур доверия, не может быть мобилизовано ни в их поддержку, ни против них.
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